Philippine positivity rate at 2.5%; is the pandemic over?

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Is the country ready to declare fire out for Covid19?

The Philippines is currently seeking from the WHO if it can declare Covid19 over in the Philippines. It the positivity  rate  being 2.5% only.   However this post believe this is too early to declare based on a 11 day stats.  

1. Europe is an epicenter nd many Filipinos who live there might come home this Christmas;

2.  Only 40 million of the  110 million Filipinos have been vaccinated.  There is no herd immunity yet.

3.  Such declaration will cause many people to be complacent and infection can spread again  

As per WHO positivity rare should be lower than 5%.   Our positivity rate for the last 10 days is as follows:   

• November 14 - 3.9%
• November 15 - 4.1%
• November 16 - 3.2%
• November 17 - 3.5%
• November 18 - 3.4%
• November 19 - 3.5%
• November 20 - 3.2%
• November 21 - 2.8%
• November 22 - 2.8%
• November 23 - 2.3%
• November 24 - 2.5%

If you have been tested Covid19 negative, does it mean there is no reinfection, you cant infect others? Or that you are immune?

Live healthy and long

Rizal Philippines
April 19, 2020

As countries prepare to end their lockdown,  (as well as Philippines in a week's time several interesting questions are coming out?

    *If you are asymptomatic and you become covid19 negative later on, what happens to the virus
      in you?  Are you no longer a carrier?

    *If you recovered after a bout with coVid19 and underwent treatment in a hospital and then tested nega-
      tive, does it mean you a covid19 free?

    *Is there a possibility of a reinfection for a fully recovered, covid19 negative patient?

No one seems to have a definite answer yet as per WHO (still remains the authority for the disease)

https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/13/who-officials-say-its-unclear-whether-recovered-coronavirus-patients-are-immune-to-second-infection.html

1. But we hear anectdotes in SK wherein those patients who were Covid19 negative when retested
    became covid19 positive

2.  We hear of cases in Wuhan, who had

    1.  Reinfection

    2. Infection of others

3.  WHO said through Dr. Mike    Ryan, executive director of WHO emergencies prograrm

There are many reasons why we might see reactivation of infection either with the same infection or another infectious agent," he said. In general, "there are many situations in viral infection where someone doesn't clear the virus entirely from their system." Some patients can also clear the main infection but develop a secondary bacterial infection, he said. 

So with reservation in most cases we can say:   

1.  Reinfection of oneself is possible;
2.   Infection of others is possible
3.   That even if you have antibodies in your plasma, you may not have rid your body of the virus, and
      is therefore is a carrier
4.  That unless there is a vaccine, every body is a suspect virus carrier, and a second round of infection may
     ensue.

Thus wiithout a vaccine, we must  remain in a perpetual state of quarantine.   ie:
    1.  Physical distancing
    2.  Wearing of mask
    3.  Hand washing.
    4.  Border screening/contract tracing (as what they do in Taiwan using CP and similar apps.)

        Trace Together in Singapore  (It works using bluetooth and lists persons /phone number of people who came in close contact with you for the last 21 days.  The phone's content/data collected from Trace Together will only be examined if you tested ++.

For home service testing contact:   Archie:    0975 296 9114,   +632 8634 2645

Zika virus infection could each reach pandemic proportion?

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Rizal Philippines
January 29, 2016

From BBC News

                                            Infant with microcephaly born in Brazil

Infections from Zika virus could reach pandemic proportions if uncontrolled. possibly infecting a couple of millions especially in Americas where it has infected 23 countries.  Its vector is Aedis Aegypti mosquito (did we not tell you that the animal that kills most people is the mosquito?)

From the Guardian - WHO issues warning

World Travel Advisories Issued

Is symptoms generally includes rashes, reddening of the eyes and fever.  It rarely causes death and has no known cure.

But what makes it so alarming is that it causes microencepaly in infants (small heads) and there are about 4,000 reported in Brazil.  Pres Obama, CDC, and WHO have issued warning regarding Zika virus.  Advisory has been issued for pregnant women not to travel in countries known to have Zika infection

                                              How Zika virus spread from Africa (meron sa Pilipinas?)

                                     Aedis aegypti mosquito, which also carries malaria is the vector

Air pollution responsible for 7 million deaths annually

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Rizal Philippines
December 1, 2015

We see again cases of haze in Singapore and Malaysia, and smog in China, indicating unabated air pollution   As we write, there is a the climate change conference in Paris, and climate change and air pollution are connected.

We are also aware that there are 7 million premature deaths attributed to air pollution with most of them occurring indoors. This was reported by WHO, and the figures are as of 2012.  The resulting diseases are cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and cancer.  This is bad in China because of heavy use of coal for factories and power plants.  Philippines power base load is coal (which is being defended by Pres. Aquino) because it is cheap at around P3.00/kwh.

The 7 million deaths translate to 19,000 dying every day, and about 4 planes crashing every hour.  Can we stop this?

Almost 7,000 have died from #Ebola

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From Yahoo News

From Daily Mail


Can we stop Ebola?



Ebola dead being buried.  Note absence of protective gear by the workers, thus helping further its spread.


It was only 5,000 sometime last month. (see post last 11/18 Ebola deaths exceed 5,000)

  The number of deaths has really jumped.  It is a sad day for disease control and epidemiology.   And for the people of Africa that is saddled with hunger, civil strive, famine and more.

It is a leap of 1,200 from previous report of WHO released Wednesday.   Nearly 16,000 have dangerously infected.


What can be done further?

Many countries have donated like USA.  Cuba, US, UK has sent medical volunteers. What about the rest of the world?



Poster on Ebola



The dead on the street

Deaths from #Ebola exceeds 5,000

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From Newsweek

The number of deaths from Ebola has passed the 5,000 mark.  There are 14,098 reported cases with 5,160 reported deaths rising from just 4,960 last Friday.  (It was just 2 last March.  Who did not consider Ebola a major crisis only in July.  By that time, the Ebola has spread far and wide and deaths began to multiply)

WHO was criticized for being slow.   Nations have not lived to their pledges to help control Ebola.  US pledged $500 million, and so with IMF.

The greater problem will be economic and social.  Losses from unworked hours, cost of death and dislocation, taking care of orphans is a much bigger problem.

NIgeria though took a hard stance vs the epidemic by closing its borders to travel to and from infected countries.  In USA, the issue of quarantine involved human rights and civil liberties issues.  So far, two have died from Ebola in USA.

What can we do to control / to prevent Ebola from infecting our countries communities?

Which is deadlier ? #Ebola or H fever (#dengue)

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Philippines   | October 27, 2014

Dengue was first reported in 1950s in Philippines and Thailand

So far there are 10,000 reported cases of Ebola in West Africa.  So far 4,500 have died.  This is the number since March of 2014.

Compare that to the number of dengue cases in the Philippines - there were 42, 207 cases from January 193 being fatal.

Worldwide:

The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades. Over 2.5 billion people – over 40% of the world's population – are now at risk from dengue. WHO currently estimates there may be 50–100 million dengue infections worldwide every year.

Cases across the Americas, South-east Asia and Western Pacific have exceeded 1.2 million cases in 2008 and over 2.3 million in 2010 (based on official data submitted by Member States). Recently the number of reported cases has continued to increase. In 2013, 2.35 million cases of dengue were reported in the Americas alone, of which 37 687 cases were severe dengue.

Not only is the number of cases increasing as the disease spreads to new areas, but explosive outbreaks are occurring. The threat of a possible outbreak of dengue fever now exists in Europe and local transmission of dengue was reported for the first time in France and Croatia in 2010 and imported cases were detected in three other European countries. In 2012, an outbreak of dengue on Madeira islands of Portugal resulted in over 2000 cases and imported cases were detected in 10 other countries in Europe apart from mainland Portugal.

(Dengue and Ebola are both level 4 diseases:  fatal usually and no known cures.  Only strong body resistance can halt its morbidity;  both are hemorrhagic)

We should be more worried about dengue, and other mosquito borne diseases.  About a million die annually from mosquito bites making it the deadliest animal on earth

About 390 million are infected by mosquitoes, with 500,000 of them developing into dengue; 25,000 deaths result form dengue

Is the world (WHO, US EU) over reacting to #Ebola?

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Dr. Kent Brantley's blood as vaccine vs Ebola


Rizal Philippines   |  October 17, 2014

On one hand there is a reason to be scared;  9000 have been infected and death has surpassed 4,000.  1,000 cases are reported weekly and WHO predicts this to be high as 10,000 weekly, and cases could reach as high as 1.4 million by January 2015.

Remember, the first case was reported in Guinea last December 2013.  There were only 2 deaths out of 59 in Guinea last March.

Senegal and Nigeria now Ebola free?

At the same time Nigeria and Senegal would have passed the 42 days timeline to be declared Ebola free.

Ebola deaths exceed 4,000 causes global panic

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From the Daily Sheeple - 3 days ago






Ebola deaths have exceeded the 4 000 mark, up from 3,000 about a month ago.  The number of cases is growing exponentially, with 1,000 being reported weekly.  (This could rise to as much as 10,000 weekly With many unreported cases, or admissions denied, the number could be more

Some developments:

1.  For the first time, there are two infections outside of West Africa;  one in Spain and one in USA

2.  Death rate vs infection has gone up from 50% to 70%

Ebola infection could reach 20,000, the Ebola virus has mutated 300 times

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Rizal Philippines  |  August 29, 2014



Repost from Global post

From Charleston Daily Mail

Ebola infection could reach 20,000 world wide.  So far only 3, 069 have been infected in West Africa and more than 1,552 have died in Sierra Leone, Nigeria and Guinea.  This is the worst Ebola outbreak  ever.   But the rate of infection has grown in alarming ways.  WHO estimates those to be infected to be at 20,000 level

Nigeria declared that Ebola has reached the oil hub,and that meant it was not able to contain the infection

The Ebola virus has mutated 300 times over the early strain (what the....)

It was reported that the experimental Zmapp vaccine did not work on a Liberian who had infection.  They had also ran out of supplies.

WHO endorses use of untested drug Zmapp in fight vs Ebolavirus

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Rizal Philippines |   August 13, 2014



Repost from Time Magazine

The World Health Organization has endorsed use of Zmapp, an untested drug vs Ebolavirus.  Its ethics committee has ruled that the drug could be a potent tool in fight vs the outbreak. The entire stock of the new drug has been shipped to Liberia after its President sought the help of US govt.  The entire shipment came at no cost to Liberian govt.  Liberia has the second biggest number of casualty from the outbreak. The drug is made by Mapp BioPharmaceutical

WHO said that the drug should be administered only after the patient has been informed that the drug is untested (and therefore would be use in humans for the first time and that there could be risk) and that he consents

It may take months before the manufacturer can manufacture new batch of vaccines.  Guinea, and Nigeria therefore would not have such drug at their disposal

Some experts however say that the vaccines could not help combat the disease entirely.  A semblance of public health infrastructure is needed which may be non existent in the Ebola virus stricken West Africa

WHO declares Ebola virus global health emergency

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Rizal Philippines |  August 11, 2014

Repost from WSJ   | August 8, 2014



WHO  headed by Dr. Margaret Chan, declared Ebola virus as a global health emergency.   This means member nations have to contribute more.  The disease appeared to be out of control and has overcome many of the health workers in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and  Guinea, some of the poorest countries in Africa.  These countries have a little semblance of public health care, and may have run of supplies to battle the disease.

Several health workers have seen surges in the volume of cases.  10 died on Friday. It takes about 8 to 20 days for the disease to incubate.  RC worker in Sierra Leone said 40 cases arrived Friday, and the numbers keep on rising, overwhelming the health workers.

Ebola has infected 1,779 which resulted in 961 deaths.  Ebola has infected 140 to 150 workers, 80 of them fatally.  Many health workers have opted not to work because of fear of infection

This is so far the largest Ebola outbreak in recent history.

Travel has been limited by companies who have invested in business in such countries.   As of late, NIgeria, a very populous country has closed border with Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia.  Eight  people have been infected by lone case from the infected countries, one of them fatally

WHO World Cancer Report - cancer incidence increasing

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Repost from WHO World Cancer report

The WHO reports alarming  increase of  incidence of cancer. The report took 5 years to complete by 250 scientists.   8.2 million died of cancer in 2012.  1 out 5 men will have cancer before the age of 75.  1 out of 6 women will develop  cancer. Lung, liver, stomach, colorectal and breast cancers cause the most cancer deaths each year.  With this incidence, 22 million will die from cancer.  60% of the incidence of cancer occur in Africa, Asia, Central and South America.   30% of cancer is preventable.

The focus now is prevention rather than cure.  (Often, even early detection does not cure cancer;  cancer can be unstoppable once it gets into the patient)

Cancer can be caused by lifestyle, and cured by changing lifestyle.




Often caused by:

1.  Tobacco,

2.  Alcohol,

3. Obesity,

4.  Viral infection as HPV.

5.  lack of exercise;

6.  Low input of vegetables and fruits

More on cancer from WHO cancer report:

Cancer

Fact sheet N°297
Updated February 2014

---

Key facts

• Cancers figure among the leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for 8.2 million deaths in 2012 (1).
• Lung, liver, stomach, colorectal and breast cancers cause the most cancer deaths each year.
• The most frequent types of cancer differ between men and women.
• About 30% of cancer deaths are due to the five leading behavioral and dietary risks: high body mass index, low fruit and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol use.
• Tobacco use is the most important risk factor for cancer causing over 20% of global cancer deaths and about 70% of global lung cancer deaths.
• Cancer causing viral infections such as HBV/HCV and HPV are responsible for up to 20% of cancer deaths in low- and middle-income countries (2).
• More than 60% of world’s total new annual cases occur in Africa, Asia and Central and South America. These regions account for 70% of the world’s cancer deaths (1).
• It is expected that annual cancer cases will rise from 14 million in 2012 to 22 within the next two decades (1).

---

Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body. Other terms used are malignant tumours and neoplasms. One defining feature of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, and which can then invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs. This process is referred to as metastasis. Metastases are the major cause of death from cancer.

The problem

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 8.2 million deaths in 2012 (1). The main types of cancer are:

• lung (1.59 million deaths)
• liver (745 000 deaths)
• stomach (723 000 deaths)
• colorectal (694 000 deaths)
• breast (521 000 deaths)
• oesophageal cancer (400 000 deaths) (1).

What causes cancer?

Cancer arises from one single cell. The transformation from a normal cell into a tumour cell is a multistage process, typically a progression from a pre-cancerous lesion to malignant tumours. These changes are the result of the interaction between a person's genetic factors and three categories of external agents, including:

• physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation;
• chemical carcinogens, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a food contaminant) and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant); and
• biological carcinogens, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria or parasites.

WHO, through its cancer research agency, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), maintains a classification of cancer causing agents.
Ageing is another fundamental factor for the development of cancer. The incidence of cancer rises dramatically with age, most likely due to a build up of risks for specific cancers that increase with age. The overall risk accumulation is combined with the tendency for cellular repair mechanisms to be less effective as a person grows older.

Risk factors for cancers

Tobacco use, alcohol use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity are the main cancer risk factors worldwide. Chronic infections from hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and some types of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) are leading risk factors for cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Cervical cancer, which is caused by HPV, is a leading cause of cancer death among women in low-income countries.

How can the burden of cancer be reduced?

Knowledge about the causes of cancer, and interventions to prevent and manage the disease is extensive. Cancer can be reduced and controlled by implementing evidence-based strategies for cancer prevention, early detection of cancer and management of patients with cancer. Many cancers have a high chance of cure if detected early and treated adequately.

Modifying and avoiding risk factors

More than 30% of cancer deaths could be prevented by modifying or avoiding key risk factors, including:

• tobacco use
• being overweight or obese
• unhealthy diet with low fruit and vegetable intake
• lack of physical activity
• alcohol use
• sexually transmitted HPV-infection
• urban air pollution
• indoor smoke from household use of solid fuels.

Tobacco use is the single most important risk factor for cancer causing about 22% of global cancer deaths and about 71% of global lung cancer deaths. In many low-income countries, up to 20% of cancer deaths are due to infection by HBV and HPV.

Prevention strategies

• Increase avoidance of the risk factors listed above.
• Vaccinate against human papilloma virus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV).
• Control occupational hazards.
• Reduce exposure to sunlight.

Early detection

Cancer mortality can be reduced if cases are detected and treated early. There are two components of early detection efforts:

Early diagnosis

The awareness of early signs and symptoms (for cancer types such as cervical, breast colorectal and oral) in order to get them diagnosed and treated early before the disease becomes advanced. Early diagnosis programmes are particularly relevant in low-resource settings where the majority of patients are diagnosed in very late stages and where there is no screening.

Screening

Screening is defined as the systematic application of a test in an asymptomatic population. It aims to identify individuals with abnormalities suggestive of a specific cancer or pre-cancer and refer them promptly for diagnosis and treatment. Screening programmes are especially effective for frequent cancer types for which a cost-effective, affordable, acceptable and accessible screening test is available to the majority of the population at risk.
Examples of screening methods are:

• visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical cancer in low-resource settings;
• PAP test for cervical cancer in middle- and high-income settings;
• mammography screening for breast cancer in high-income settings.

Please follow this latest blog on air pollution in Metro Manila - let us not get sick from air pollution

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Please find the latest site on  Metro Manila air pollution watch. 

 COPD caused by air pollution is now the 4th cause of mortality in the PHL.  Despite the passage of CAC (Clean Air Act of 1999) air pollution continues to be unabated) .  Worldwide, air pollutants killed 6 million worldwide, according to WHO.  It used to be only 2 million in 2007.  Majority of the victims are from China, with more than half of them caused by internal pollution (pollution from wood burning stoves in the house)

The more lethal air pollutants are the PM2.5, those pollutants we cant see -  they are nano particles 30x smaller than human hair.

The PHL agencies, as  led by its senior manager has followed the mandate of the law to monitor only the much larger particulates:   PM 10

Air Pollution a deadly assassin?

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From Air Pollution Kills blog | April 10 2013 

Everybody is worried about the new strain of bird flu the H7N9 recently discovered in China and which has been traced to be the cause of as many as 18 deaths.

But this pale in comparison to the 1,200,000 deaths from air pollution in China last year, according to WHO Department of Health and Environment.  Half of this comes from indoor pollution that comes from indoor cooking with wood and kerosene.

Total death toll from air pollution stands at 6 million in 2012, more than deaths from AIDS and malaria combined;   it was mere 2 million in 2007 - a 3 fold increase.  Deaths from air pollution is more than deaths from the scourge of AIDS (1,700,000) and Malaria (660,000) combined, according to WHO! Wow and we are very much alarmed about dengue, AIDS, and bird flu. We are not aware that pestilence is right at the horizon every hour and minute, here and now!

In UK, there were 40,000 cases of cardiac death that came from PM 2.5 air pollution (at only 11 to 14 level -  safe level is 10!)

It is time to be worried;  what you can do:

l.  Help campaign vs smoke belching;

2.  Avoid going to MM where there is the highest concentration of smoke belchers and  polluting vehicles.  If you live in MM, relocate

3.  Support programs for renewable energy and avoidance of fossil fuels.

4.  Know and monitor PM 2.5 level in MM (is this being monitored closely?)

We cant afford to be nonchalant nor be carefree about this growing menace and spread of this deadly assassin.  That is why I started the airpollutionkills blog and gave it a dramatic name,  to help people be aware of adverse effect  and growing menace of air  pollution.  Nothing seems to be done seriously against it.  If there is, it is too little.

I have posted many pictures of air pollution in this blog before, but I guess it is not read or seen at all;  it they were, no one paid attention

WHO's IARC raises diesel fumes level to carcinogenic

                     

Effective Cures that are Cheap for Everyone

The International Agency for Research for Cancer of World Health Organization raised the alert level for diesel fumes are carcinogenic.

Much of air pollutants suspended over MM I think are diesel fumes from old jeepneys and buses.

LTFRB must as it does with FX, phase out very old jeeps and buses.

DENR must monitor exhaust of diesel fired vehicles.  Or else those who will die of cancer will multiply


                                       

IARC report on diesel fumes as carcinogenic

 Will people in Global city have cancer soon if this pollution from diesel fumes does not stop?

Fwd: Does coffee cause cancer or prevent it?

Is coffee friend or foe.  WHO reports says it is foe.


 


Other reports say is is good vs cancer:  uterine and prostate.

What is your take?

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Cancer Defeated <custserv@cancerdefeated.com>
Date: Wed, May 2, 2012 at 5:03 PM
Subject: Does coffee cause cancer or prevent it?

Newsletter #183 Lee Euler, Editor

Web Version | Subscribe | Back Issues | Resource Center | Feedback About Cancer Defeated!

Does Coffee Cause Cancer Or Prevent It? The World Health Organization Weighs In     In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that frequent cell phone use could be a contributing factor to brain cancer. You can read the story in Issue #90.     The brouhaha caused by that announcement may have overshadowed the fact that seemingly innocent items such as coffee and pickled veggies were also on their list of possible cancer-causing agents!     Even though coffee goes into the 'maybe' category—the WHO may be giving it a bum rap. Other research indicates coffee actually helps decrease cancer risk! Yes, it's true. There's some powerful evidence coffee prevents cancer. Keep reading. . . Continued below. . . The "Missing Link" to Feeling Younger and Stronger     Your liver performs more than 500 critical biological functions... makes more than 13,000 beneficial chemicals and hormones... manages more than 50,000 enzymes and compounds that you need for great health... processes everything you eat and drink - including medication and supplements... AND purifies your blood of dangerous toxins.     Yet the liver is the most underappreciated and forgotten organ in the body — even by doctors. Your doctor usually won't talk about your liver until problems begin. But the latest research shows that when you're suffering from health issues, your liver is usually part of the trouble. That's because... When Your Liver's Healthy, So Are You!     Would you know if your liver was healthy? Watch this startling presentation and start protecting yourself from the 7 Danger Signs of a Toxic Liver!     Just to clarify some of the lingo, we turn to WHOs International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The group is responsible for classifying carcinogens into these categories: Group 1—known carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke and UV radiation Group 2A—probably carcinogens, such as indoor emission of combustible fuels Group 2B—possible carcinogens, such as cell phones and coffee Group 3—not classifiable as a cancer causing agent in humans Group 4—most likely not a carcinogen in humans Harvard researchers say 4 cups a day scares uterine cancer away!     Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health published recent study results suggesting coffee helps decrease a woman's risk of developing endometrial cancer, i.e. cancer of the lining of the uterus.      Women who daily drank more than four cups of coffee over several years were less likely to develop this type of cancer, according to lead study author Edward L. Giovannucci, M.D., a professor at the School of Public Health.     The Harvard researchers examined 67,470 women between the ages of 34 and 59 to determine effects of coffee intake on endometrial cancer. Over 26 years, they documented 672 cases of endometrial cancer among the participants.     But the researchers found that women who drank more than four cups of coffee each day reduced their risk for endometrial cancer by 25 percent.     And even if they only drank between two and three cups per day—the women still experienced a 7 percent reduced risk.     It seems coffee may reduce both insulin and free estrogen levels, which are both risk factors associated with endometrial cancer, according Dr. Giovannucci.     So were these findings an odd, one-off result? Well, the Harvard researchers noted similar findings with another type of cancer... Could drinking coffee protect the prostate, too?     Results of another multi-year study examining coffee drinkers and prostate cancer risk suggests it can!     In this case, 47,911 American men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study reported their coffee consumption every four years from 1986 to 2008.     There were 5,035 reported cases of prostate cancer during the study period. Researchers found that men who consumed six or more cups daily had nearly a 20 percent lower risk of developing prostate cancer.     And the link with coffee was even stronger for aggressive prostate cancer. Men who drank the most coffee lowered their risk of developing lethal prostate cancer by 60 percent! If it holds up, this would be a very significant finding.     Aggressive prostate cancer is the one to fear most, reportedly accounting for about one out of ten prostate cancer cases. Slow-growing prostate cancer accounts for the other 90 percent, and as the saying goes, "Most men die with it, not of it."     Even drinking just one to three cups of coffee daily was associated with a 30 percent lower risk of lethal prostate cancer. And these figures include adjustments to account for men who smoked and failed to exercise—behaviors that may boost prostate cancer risk.     Other studies have shown a positive link between coffee use and a reduction in risk of other types of cancer including cancer of the breast… esophagus… liver… mouth… and skin... not to mention a moderate reduction in cardiovascular disease.     I'm not surprised by the findings. It's well established that coffee is especially rich in antioxidants, as are some other unlikely-sounding substances including beer and chocolate. From what I know, green coffee beans are richer in antioxidants than roasted beans. A couple of companies even market a coffee-extract supplement.     So what gives? Why does the WHO list coffee as a possible carcinogen if so many scientific studies seem to point to its protective benefits? More evidence needed...     One reason the WHO may have classified coffee as a 2B carcinogen can be traced to some studies showing a weak link between incidents of bladder cancer and coffee consumption among non-smokers.     The December 2000 journal Cancer Causes Control published an analysis of 564 case-controlled studies in Europe. Researchers concluded that non-smokers who are heavy coffee drinkers may have a small excess risk of developing bladder cancer.     The research team cautioned that there was possible bias in the selection of the control group. On the basis of these results, they were prepared to say that only a slight proportion of bladder cancer among non-smokers could be attributed to coffee drinking.     So with such inconclusive results, you might not feel the need to toss your beans just yet. But it can never hurt to drink your java in moderation until the verdict is in.     To my way of thinking, four cups of coffee a day is a lot, although I realize many people do drink that much. I gave it up myself, reluctantly, because I was just too sensitive to the stimulant. I have a strong sense it's a harmful habit, but the evidence is mixed and you'll have to judge for yourself. Kindest regards, Lee Euler Publisher Resources: Dwyer, M. 2011, May 17. Coffee may reduce risk of lethal prostate cancer in men. Harvard School of Public Health. Press release available at http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2011-releases/prostate-cancer-coffee-mucci-wilson.html Kim, HJ et al. Cancer Sci. 2010 Feb;101(2):508-16. Epub 2009 Sep 29. Retrieved online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19860848 Landau, E. 2011, June 2. Coffee, pickled veggies also 'possibly' cause cancer. CNN Health. Retrieved online at http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/02/coffee-pickled-veggies-also-possibly-cause-cancer/ World Health Organization. 2012. Agents Classified by the IARC Monographs, Volumes 1-104. Retrieved online at http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsGroupOrder.pdf Wilson, K.M. et al. Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk and progression in the health professionals follow-up study. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djr151 http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2011/05/17/jnci.djr151.abstract Youjin, J. et al. 2011. A prospective cohort study of coffee consumption and risk of endometrial cancer over a 26-year follow-up. Published Online November 22, 2011; doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0766. Available online at http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2011/10/03/1055-9965.EPI-11-0766.abstract If you'd like to comment, write me at newsletter@cancerdefeated.com.  Please do not write asking for personal advice about your health. 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